From the past to the future: Fermented milks and their health effects against human diseases

Abstract The benefits of fermented milk have been known to mankind since the ancient days civilization. important role in human nutrition has well documented through ages, from original unpredictable souring caused by microorganisms inherent modern microbiological processes, leading with greater nutritional value produced under controlled conditions. bioactive peptides synthesized microbial degradation proteins and addition supplements, such as probiotics prebiotics endow them various physiological functions, including regulation gut microbiota, cholesterol lowering, immunomodulation, making potential functional foods that are notable healthy diets. Here, we summarized development into four stages also their impact on health diseases during different developmental stages. In addition, described characteristics limitations eras. Accordingly, integrated future trends foods. It is hoped efforts develop will help manage risks faced many countries.